{"id":333,"date":"2019-11-05T07:27:56","date_gmt":"2019-11-05T07:27:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/igbis.edu.my\/backupold2022\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/?page_id=333"},"modified":"2025-09-06T13:27:20","modified_gmt":"2025-09-06T05:27:20","slug":"germany","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/ibdp-history\/move-to-global-war\/germany\/","title":{"rendered":"Germany"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">See also <a href=\"https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/ibdp-history\/causes-and-effects-of-c20th-wars\/second-world-war-in-europe\/causes\/\">Causes of the Second World War<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#Great\">The Great Man Theory<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#history\">Reevaluating History<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#foreign\">Hitler&#8217;s Foreign Policies<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#versailles\">Treaty of Versailles<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#Rearmament\">Hitler and Rearmament<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#Munich\">1938 Munich Agreement<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-light-green-cyan-background-color has-background wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"Great\"><strong>The Great Man Theory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"643\" src=\"https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2025\/08\/image.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10894\" srcset=\"https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2025\/08\/image.png 1024w, https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2025\/08\/image-300x188.png 300w, https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2025\/08\/image-768x482.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 767px) 89vw, (max-width: 1000px) 54vw, (max-width: 1071px) 543px, 580px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From left to right: Frederick the Great, Chancellor Bismarck, President Hindenburg and the F\u00fchrer. Was Hitler just continuing the German psyche of a strong man making the country more powerful?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">According to many Germans after the First World War, particularly those on the right such as conservatives, the country was unfairly punished for causing the conflict. See <a href=\"https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/ibdp-history\/move-to-global-war\/treaty-of-versailles\/\">Treaty of Versailles<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-light-green-cyan-background-color has-background wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"history\"><strong>Reevaluating History<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The common view is that Hitler war largely responsible for causing the Second World War in Europe. This &#8216;historian&#8217; disagrees&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"Why Winston Churchill Shouldn\u2019t Be Seen as a Hero\" width=\"525\" height=\"295\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/4eKMV4VtSuA?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Darryl Cooper&#8217;s interview lit an academic fuse at the time. Other historians appeared in the media to disagree with him. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"Andrew Roberts Talks Takedown of Tucker Carlson&#039;s Favorite Historian with Piers Morgan\" width=\"525\" height=\"295\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/i3tZFVq591M?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Especially as Churchill is seen by many in Britain as one of their <a href=\"https:\/\/www.geni.com\/projects\/100-Greatest-Britons-BBC-Poll-2002\/15375\">greatest people<\/a>&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"752\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2025\/08\/Screenshot-2025-08-07-at-9.42.41\u202fAM.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10898\" srcset=\"https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2025\/08\/Screenshot-2025-08-07-at-9.42.41\u202fAM.png 752w, https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2025\/08\/Screenshot-2025-08-07-at-9.42.41\u202fAM-233x300.png 233w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 706px) 89vw, (max-width: 767px) 82vw, 740px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-light-green-cyan-background-color has-background wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"foreign\"><strong>Hitler&#8217;s Foreign Policies<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"923\" src=\"https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2025\/08\/image-2-1024x923.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10910\" srcset=\"https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2025\/08\/image-2-1024x923.png 1024w, https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2025\/08\/image-2-300x270.png 300w, https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2025\/08\/image-2-768x692.png 768w, https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2025\/08\/image-2-1536x1384.png 1536w, https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2025\/08\/image-2.png 1837w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 767px) 89vw, (max-width: 1000px) 54vw, (max-width: 1071px) 543px, 580px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"698\" src=\"https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2025\/08\/Screenshot-2025-08-12-at-10.00.12\u202fAM-1024x698.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10914\" srcset=\"https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2025\/08\/Screenshot-2025-08-12-at-10.00.12\u202fAM-1024x698.png 1024w, https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2025\/08\/Screenshot-2025-08-12-at-10.00.12\u202fAM-300x205.png 300w, https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2025\/08\/Screenshot-2025-08-12-at-10.00.12\u202fAM-768x524.png 768w, https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2025\/08\/Screenshot-2025-08-12-at-10.00.12\u202fAM-1536x1047.png 1536w, https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2025\/08\/Screenshot-2025-08-12-at-10.00.12\u202fAM.png 1816w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 767px) 89vw, (max-width: 1000px) 54vw, (max-width: 1071px) 543px, 580px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Note: this is not my resource, it is only borrowed. <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n        <div id=\"ep-gutenberg-content-c0897e317de8f94480faf451277eb6f2\" class=\"ep-gutenberg-content aligncenter ep-percentage-width   ep-content-protection-disabled\">\n            <div class=\"embedpress-inner-iframe emebedpress-unit-percent ep-doc-c0897e317de8f94480faf451277eb6f2\" style=\"max-width:600%\" id=\"embedpress-pdf-1677043747382\">\n                <div >\n                    <div class=\"ep-embed-content-wraper\"><div class=\"position-right-wraper gutenberg-pdf-wraper\"><iframe title=\"how_did_german_foreign_policy_develop_between_1933-37.pptx\" class=\"embedpress-embed-document-pdf embedpress-pdf-1677043747382\" style=\"width:600%;height:600px; max-width:100%; display: inline-block\" src=\"https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php?action=get_viewer&#038;file=https%3A%2F%2Fstg.igbis.edu.my%2Fthe-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2Fsites%2F8%2F2023%2F02%2Fhow_did_german_foreign_policy_develop_between_1933-37.pptx.pdf#key=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\" frameborder=\"0\" oncontextmenu=\"return false;\"><\/iframe> <p class=\"embedpress-el-powered\">Powered By EmbedPress<\/p><\/div><\/div>                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    \n\n        <div id=\"ep-gutenberg-content-6fff213867d089024aa2a0faba5dc63f\" class=\"ep-gutenberg-content aligncenter ep-percentage-width   ep-content-protection-disabled\">\n            <div class=\"embedpress-inner-iframe emebedpress-unit-percent ep-doc-6fff213867d089024aa2a0faba5dc63f\" style=\"max-width:600%\" id=\"embedpress-pdf-1677043788700\">\n                <div >\n                    <div class=\"ep-embed-content-wraper\"><div class=\"position-right-wraper gutenberg-pdf-wraper\"><iframe title=\"how_did_europe_descend_into_war_by_1939.pptx\" class=\"embedpress-embed-document-pdf embedpress-pdf-1677043788700\" style=\"width:600%;height:600px; max-width:100%; display: inline-block\" src=\"https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php?action=get_viewer&#038;file=https%3A%2F%2Fstg.igbis.edu.my%2Fthe-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2Fsites%2F8%2F2023%2F02%2Fhow_did_europe_descend_into_war_by_1939.pptx.pdf#key=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\" frameborder=\"0\" oncontextmenu=\"return false;\"><\/iframe> <p class=\"embedpress-el-powered\">Powered By EmbedPress<\/p><\/div><\/div>                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    \n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"Hitler&#039;s Foreign Policy Aims\" width=\"525\" height=\"394\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/wfIXJAkmyHc?start=2&#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dominic Sandbrook and Tom Holland, in the podcast series &#8216;The Rest is History&#8217; argue that Hitler was an opportunist with his foreign policy. They give the following examples:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Germany signed a naval agreement with Britain in 1935, this showed that the Stresa Front was no as united as it seemed against Hitler. Importantly, although the idea was largely Hitler&#8217;s, the signing of this was not part of a grand strategic plan. After Britain signed it, Hitler realised that now was the time to remilitarise the Rhineland. Britain was clearly not interested in mainland Europe and, although high-risk (even some of Hitler&#8217;s military commanders were unsure of the move) German forces moved in to the Rhineland on March 7 1936. The move was condemned by both France and Britain but no military action was forthcoming. Hitler had won! He was now incredibly popular in Germany, further maintaining his position as Fuhrer, and a future European war was more likely. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.worldfuturefund.org\/wffmaster\/Reading\/Germany\/Burckhardt.htm?fbclid=IwAR2vHSRoguGdkyRBX3TDbb5AzhUF6-kit97ZaK0T-IhIH2Vq5lMOq-FNJsw\">A REPORT FROM CARL J. BURCKHARDT, HIGH COMMISSIONER OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS,  ON HIS MEETING WITH ADOLF HITLER ON AUGUST 11, 1939<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thecritic.co.uk\/did-hitler-know-what-he-was-doing\">Did Hitler know what he was doing?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color has-background wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"versailles\"><strong>Treaty of Versailles<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it wp-block-embed-the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"zQMzk8LUFN\"><a href=\"https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/ibdp-history\/move-to-global-war\/treaty-of-versailles\/\">Treaty of Versailles<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Treaty of Versailles&#8221; &#8212; The Past Changes a Little Every Time We Retell It\" src=\"https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/ibdp-history\/move-to-global-war\/treaty-of-versailles\/embed\/#?secret=VfyYRIa57R#?secret=zQMzk8LUFN\" data-secret=\"zQMzk8LUFN\" width=\"525\" height=\"296\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color has-background wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"Rearmament\"><strong>Hitler and Rearmament<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">AJP Taylor argues that Hitler did not conduct an aggressive rearmament policy. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"666\" src=\"https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/06\/Screen-Shot-2021-06-24-at-7.53.13-PM-1024x666.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4780\" srcset=\"https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/06\/Screen-Shot-2021-06-24-at-7.53.13-PM-1024x666.png 1024w, https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/06\/Screen-Shot-2021-06-24-at-7.53.13-PM-300x195.png 300w, https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/06\/Screen-Shot-2021-06-24-at-7.53.13-PM-768x499.png 768w, https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/06\/Screen-Shot-2021-06-24-at-7.53.13-PM-1536x999.png 1536w, https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/06\/Screen-Shot-2021-06-24-at-7.53.13-PM.png 1750w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 767px) 89vw, (max-width: 1000px) 54vw, (max-width: 1071px) 543px, 580px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">But&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"Lessons Learned: Hitler&#039;s Rearmament of Germany\" width=\"525\" height=\"295\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/sGZueuWeUdc?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"Rhineland\"><strong>Rhineland, 1936<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"The Remilitarisation of the Rhineland (1936)\" width=\"525\" height=\"394\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/3NlszOfMkaQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"Munich\"><strong>The Munich Agreement<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"The Munich Agreement | History Lessons\" width=\"525\" height=\"295\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/wKA-lhWFbsE?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A key argument with the policy of appeasement is that it bought time for the British Government. The country needed to rearm quickly and was not in a position to fight Germany in 1938. Does this source, taken from the May 2023 Paper One, indicate this?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"525\" src=\"https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2025\/09\/Screenshot-2025-09-06-at-1.27.12\u202fPM-1024x525.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10979\" srcset=\"https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2025\/09\/Screenshot-2025-09-06-at-1.27.12\u202fPM-1024x525.png 1024w, https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2025\/09\/Screenshot-2025-09-06-at-1.27.12\u202fPM-300x154.png 300w, https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2025\/09\/Screenshot-2025-09-06-at-1.27.12\u202fPM-768x394.png 768w, https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2025\/09\/Screenshot-2025-09-06-at-1.27.12\u202fPM-1536x788.png 1536w, https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2025\/09\/Screenshot-2025-09-06-at-1.27.12\u202fPM.png 1614w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 767px) 89vw, (max-width: 1000px) 54vw, (max-width: 1071px) 543px, 580px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"Nazi\"><strong>Nazi-Soviet Pact, 1939<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"Stephen Kotkin On The Hitler-Stalin Pact | Reflections\" width=\"525\" height=\"295\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/6e8NHJWUbho?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"Nazi-Soviet pact explained: Molotov\u2013Ribbentrop | James Holland and Lex Fridman\" width=\"525\" height=\"295\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/6nu8pB94eh4?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Listen to the <a href=\"https:\/\/play.acast.com\/s\/dansnowshistoryhit\/afaustianbargain-thenazi-sovietpartnership\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/play.acast.com\/s\/dansnowshistoryhit\/afaustianbargain-thenazi-sovietpartnership\">podcast<\/a> (Rest is History) from the beginning to 21 minutes and answer the following questions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Joachim von Ribbentrop         <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"392\" height=\"496\" src=\"https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2025\/08\/Screenshot-2025-08-14-at-9.54.09\u202fAM.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10927\" style=\"width:148px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2025\/08\/Screenshot-2025-08-14-at-9.54.09\u202fAM.png 392w, https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2025\/08\/Screenshot-2025-08-14-at-9.54.09\u202fAM-237x300.png 237w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 392px) 100vw, 392px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Why was the pact called &#8216;Faustian&#8217;?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>What was the Nazi-Soviet Pact? <em>This is also answered from 17 minutes onwards<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>When was it signed?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>What were the reasons why Hitler signed the Pact? <em>These are explained throughout the podcast.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>What were the reasons why Stalin signed the Pact? Why did Stalin not trust the British and French?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Which country reached out first?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Describe the relationship between Germany and the Soviet Union before 1939.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>What effect did the Polish Guarantee have on Hitler and Stalin?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Where did the Soviets get their Nazi flags for von Ribbentrop&#8217;s visit?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>What else did Stalin do to improve the chances of the deal with Germany being agreed?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>How does Russia view the Nazi-Soviet Pact today? When does the Second World War in the Soviet Union begin?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">AJP Taylor argued in Origins of the Second World War that Britain and France were also to blame for the war as they tried to engineer a conflict between Germany and the Soviet Union. Britain could have made an alliance or a deal with Stalin but chose not to, this only encouraged Hitler&#8217;s aggression. Listen from 21.00 to 24.00 and list the reasons why.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color has-background wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Opposing View<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"Appeasement\"><strong>British, French Foreign Policy and Appeasement<\/strong>, <strong>1936-39<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/time.com\/5684506\/munich-appeasement\/\">What the British and the French Actually Thought About the Decision to Appease Hitler at Munich in 1938<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"Neville Chamberlain Did The Right Thing\" width=\"525\" height=\"295\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/fmyecSXOla8?start=2952&#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Winston Churchill, Prime Minister of Britain in 1940, criticised the British governments of the 1930s because they did not rearm sufficiently. From Andrew Robert&#8217;s <em>Churchill, <\/em>(page 393, 2018).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"506\" src=\"https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2023\/08\/Screenshot-2023-08-23-at-3.12.05-PM-1024x506.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8484\" srcset=\"https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2023\/08\/Screenshot-2023-08-23-at-3.12.05-PM-1024x506.png 1024w, https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2023\/08\/Screenshot-2023-08-23-at-3.12.05-PM-300x148.png 300w, https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2023\/08\/Screenshot-2023-08-23-at-3.12.05-PM-768x379.png 768w, https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2023\/08\/Screenshot-2023-08-23-at-3.12.05-PM-1536x758.png 1536w, https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2023\/08\/Screenshot-2023-08-23-at-3.12.05-PM.png 1580w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 767px) 89vw, (max-width: 1000px) 54vw, (max-width: 1071px) 543px, 580px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color has-background wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"Polarisation\"><strong>Political Polarisation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-background-color has-background wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"Historiography\"><strong>Perspectives and Historiography<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"AJP Taylor  The Origins of the Second World War\" width=\"525\" height=\"394\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/xZ2VicLolRM?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edpuzzle.com\/media\/6017ae9f2964964298f22ed8\/edit\">EdPuzzle &amp; AJP Taylor<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-background wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"Enduring-Understandings\" style=\"background-color:#a774d6\"><strong>General Resources<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www3.watchserieshd.tv\/series\/the-world-at-war-season-1-episode-1\">World at War, episode 1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>(0:18) How is the destruction of the French village Oradour-sur-Glane described?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(1:30) How is the village portrayed as a symbol for others during the war?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(2:50) What were the political and economic conditions in Germany around 1933?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(4:00) How did German society initially react to the Nazis coming to power?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(6:00) What was the significance of Hitler being appointed Chancellor?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(7:20) How did the Reichstag fire impact German political freedoms?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(9:00) What actions did Hitler take to consolidate total power by March 1933?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(11:30) What was the role of the SA (Storm Troopers) and SS in Nazi control?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(13:20) How did Nazi policies affect Jewish citizens initially?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(15:00) What cultural changes did the Nazis enforce in Germany?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(16:30) How did the Nazis use book burnings as propaganda?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(18:00) What was the impact of the Nazi anti-Semitic campaigns on intellectuals?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(20:00) What groups in German society supported the Nazis and why?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(24:50) How did Hitler address the economic devastation &#8217;caused&#8217; by the Treaty of Versailles?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(27:00) What was Germany\u2019s reaction to regaining the Saar territory?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(28:50) What was the significance of the remilitarization of the Rhineland?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(31:10) How did Hitler&#8217;s early foreign policy successes affect European politics?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(31:10) What was the significance of Germany regaining the Saar territory under international supervision?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(32:20) How did the remilitarization of the Rhineland in 1936 challenge the Treaty of Versailles?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(33:40) What was the reaction in Germany and Europe to the German troops crossing the Rhine?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(35:00) How did the remilitarization of the Rhineland affect France\u2019s and Britain\u2019s position in Europe?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(37:15) What role did Hitler\u2019s speech and propaganda play in gaining popular support during these territorial recoveries?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(39:00) What challenges did the German military face in preparation for these aggressive moves?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(41:10) How did the Nazi Party consolidate power after the reoccupation of the Rhineland?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(43:00) What was the significance of Austria&#8217;s annexation by Germany (Anschluss)?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(45:20) How did Germany\u2019s aggressive moves affect neighboring countries like Czechoslovakia and Poland?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(50:00) What was the importance of the Munich Agreement, and how did it influence the course toward war?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The 1936 &#8216;invasion&#8217; of the Rhineland.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":95,"featured_media":749,"parent":134,"menu_order":3,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-333","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/333","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/95"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=333"}],"version-history":[{"count":39,"href":"https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/333\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10980,"href":"https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/333\/revisions\/10980"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/134"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/749"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/stg.igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=333"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}